Yeah, if that’s what you want you can choose any track and record the sample using those effects, or you can monitor the recording through a particular track but end up with a dry recording. Look at the recording dialog, the features are all there:

In the Recorder context, it’s not perfect though - if you want to add effects to the signal AND record into multiple tracks, you have to add the same (or perhaps just similar-sounding) effect to all involved tracks.
Or maybe you can live with the recording sounding like one thing while recording? For example, recording a dry signal or effected signal, which end up in a track with a different type of DSP… This could be used creatively, but a bit of a stretch…
Once the Renoise API allows such FX switching in the recording dialog, I will of course update the tool.