There’s the meter and time signatures.
I put a meter variations xrns on the tips and tricks section. The meter variations is set up in 4 time signature as opposed to 64, 32, 16, or 8.
Two things I always keep in mind when setting up a meter and time signature is 1) how the tempo affects its perception 2) how tempo affects being able to change from one time signature meter to another.
In terms of just structure with no rhythm patterns of sound involved… from the ground up, there’s the steady beat with no pulses, then beats with pulses or accented beats (downbeats and upbeats) forming a meter, which then chunk into bars such as a meter of 7 with a time signature of 4 looped say 4 times, then you have your structural phrase or phrases, which form into periods like AABABC, and if in classical terms style, you would then have your movements (edit: like the 4th movement of Beethoven’s 9th symphony).
Its a rather crude way of describing what I’ve learned so far, I hope it wasn’t too confusing.
edit:
time signatures ex: 7/4 7/64 7/32 7/16 7/8
meter ex: 4/7 (4 bars of 7) 3/7 (3 bars of 7)